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Continuing south through the Piedmont region, it passed through the present-day North Carolina towns of Winston-Salem, Salisbury, and Charlotte, and sites of earlier Indian settlements on the historic Indian Trading Path. From there, the Wilderness Road led into Kentucky, ending at the Ohio River where flatboats were available for further travel into the Midwest and even to New Orleans.įrom Big Lick/Roanoke, after 1748, the Great Wagon Road passed through the Maggoty Gap (also called Maggodee) to the east side of the Blue Ridge Mountains. At Roanoke, a road forked southwest, leading into the upper New River Valley and on through Abingdon, Virginia to the Holston River in the upper Tennessee Valley. South of Roanoke, the Great Wagon Road was also called the Carolina Road. South of the Shenandoah Valley, the road reached the Roanoke River at the town of Big Lick (today, Roanoke). Historic marker for the Carolina Road, Franklin County, Virginia Remnant of the Great Wagon Road at Camden Battlefield, South Carolina But after the war ended, it was said to be the most heavily traveled main road in America. Although traffic on the road increased dramatically after 1744, it was reduced to a trickle during the French and Indian War (Seven Years' War) from 1756 to 1763.
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The Treaty of Lancaster in 1744 had established colonists' rights to settle along the Indian Road. The Shenandoah portion of the road is also known as the Valley Pike. It continued south in the valley via the Great Warriors' Trail (also called the Indian Road), which was established by centuries of Indian travel over ancient trails created by migrating buffalo herds. Turning southwest, the road crossed the Potomac River and entered the Shenandoah Valley near present-day Martinsburg, West Virginia. īeginning at the port of Philadelphia, where many immigrants entered the colonies, the Great Wagon Road passed through the towns of Lancaster and York in southeastern Pennsylvania. Partly because of the language difference, the two groups tended to keep to themselves.
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They went on to form what became the backbone of Appalachian Culture. The Scotch-Irish made up a substantial portion of the Continental Army and the state militia in the American War of Independence. The other group, mostly Protestant Presbyterians known as Scotch-Irish) tended to be restless, clannish, fiercely independent, and hosted a centuries old animosity to the British Crown. The mostly Protestant German Palatines (also known as Pennsylvania Dutch) tended to find rich farmland and work it zealously to become stable and prosperous. The German Palatines and Scotch-Irish immigrants arrived in huge numbers because of bloody religious conflicts and persecution of Protestants by monarchies in Great Britain and Europe. Although a wide variety of settlers traveled southward on the road, two dominant cultures emerged. The heavily traveled Great Wagon Road was the primary route for the early settlement of the Southern United States, particularly the " backcountry". Introduction 1751 Fry-Jefferson map depicting the Virginia Colony and surrounding provinces.
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The Great Wagon Road was an improved trail through the Great Appalachian Valley from Pennsylvania to North Carolina, and from there to Georgia in colonial America. Trail used by settlers in colonial America to go south